engleski

Macro and microelements as biomarkers of mild cognitive impairment

About 10% of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) convert to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) each year. As homeostasis of elements is disturbed in the AD brain, measurement of their levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has a diagnostic potential in identification of MCI patients who will progress to AD. We studied the difference in macro and microelement levels in groups of MCI patients with and without pathological levels of AD protein biomarkers (Aβ1-42, t-tau, p-tau181, p-tau199, p-tau231, VILIP-1). Levels of S, Co, Mo, and Tl were significantly increased in the MCI group with pathological Aβ1-42 levels, while levels of K, Cr, Fe, Cu, As, Se, and Hg were significantly increased in the MCI group with pathological p- tau181 levels. Significant increase in Ca and As was found in the MCI group with pathological p-tau199 levels, while the MCI group with pathological p-tau231 levels had increased Li, B, Na, Mg, S, K, Ca, Cr, Fe, Co, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Cd, Ba, Tl, and Hg. The MCI group with pathological VILIP-1 levels had significantly higher Na, Mg, S, K, Ca, Cr, Fe, Mn, Cu, As, Se, Sr, Ba, and Hg. Despite small cohort of MCI patients (n=31), result indicate potential of elements concentration as a diagnostic marker of disease progression.

Alzheimer's disease; mild cognitive impairment; biomarkers; cerebrospinal fluid; macro and microelements

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