engleski

An image is worth a thousand words, but what of numbers? The impact of multi-modal processing on response times and judgments of confidence in base-rate tasks

This study introduces images into a well-researched base-rate task. In one set of experimental situations the image represented a base rate consistent or inconsistent with the intuitive answer, and in the second set, a base rate number accompanied the image (multi-modal situation). In the second set of situations the image was equivalent to the numeric ratio, or designed to represent a 60% decrease in the ratio. In both of these situations base rates and images were in conflict with intuitive responses. Consequently, four levels of conflict were induced. After each decision participants made a judgment of confidence. We found a significant effect of conflict level on response times. Higher conflict prolonged response times and lowered rates of intuitive responses. The same effect was not found for confidence, probably due to high judgments overall. We also compared induced levels of conflict by images compared to numeric base rates using data from our previous study. We found a strong overall effect of consistency with slower responses for conflict items. The group by consistency interaction was also significant. Image-based conflict increased response times to a lesser degree than the usual numeric base rates. The same effects were found for confidence ratings. We conclude image-based items induce the same type of effects but to a lesser degree than numeric-based items.

base rate task, metacognition, confidence judgment, dual processing, multimodal processing

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