engleski

Shiftwork tolerance over the first nine years of shiftwork: a longitudinal study

It has been proposed that there are different phases regarding the impact of shiftwork on workers in shifts, such as adaptation, sensitisation and accumulation phase (1). The purpose of this longitudinal study was to examine whether various indices of shiftwork tolerance changed over the first nine years of shiftwork, i.e. during adaptation and sensitisation phases. A group of workers who started shiftwork for the first time at the age of 20 years (2) and stayed on shifts for nine years was followed. Participants (n=34) worked in a rapid forward rotating three-shift system with shift changes at 6, 14 and 22 hours. They were examined before entering shiftwork and followed up five times, after reaching 1.5, 3.5, 5.5, 7.5 and 9.5 years of shiftwork experience. The following characteristics were assessed before start of shiftwork and at each follow-up point: Sleep quality, EPI Neuroticism and HIQ indices of subjective health (including Generally Poor Health, Musculo-Skeletal Complaints, Respiratory Complaints and Psychosomatic-Digestive Complaints). After participants started shiftwork additional indices of tolerance were assessed. These were Night and Morning Shift Tolerance and sleep durations on different days within a shiftwork cycle, which were assessed by means of the WLQ. Differences between repeated measurements were tested by means of MANOVA. Intolerance to night shift, health complaints (general health, psychosomatic-digestive and musculo-skeletal) and neuroticism increased in the observed period. Only tolerance to morning shift improved. Sleep quality remained high during the nine-year period. Sleep duration was reduced on afternoon shift, night shift and days off, and did not change on morning shift. This study shows that the impact of shiftwork over the first nine years differs with respect to tolerance measure analysed. Some measures indicate deterioration of coping, other habituation to work, and some are unaltered by nine-years in shifts. 1. Heider M, Kundi M, Koller M. Methodological issues and problems in shift work research. In: Johnson LC, Tepas DI, Colquhoun WP, Colligan MJ (eds). The twenty-four four workday. Concinnati: DHHS (NIOSH) 1981:197-220. 2. Radosevic-Vidacek B, Vidacek S, Kaliterna Lj, Prizmic Z. Sleep and napping in young shiftworkers: a 5-year follow-up. Work and Stress 1995;9:272-280.

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