engleski

Co-exposure and transport of ochratoxin A and citrinin in kidneys and liver of rats

Ochratoxin A (OTA) and citrinin (CTN) are nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic mycotoxins commonly found together in grain. There is the EU legal obligation to monitor OTA in various commodities but there is no such an obligation for CTN. Recent research on the presence of CTN concentration in grains showed high contamination (50-75 % samples) with a considerably large concentration range (0 – 400 µg kg-1). Target organs of OTA and CTN toxicity are kidney and liver. The aim of this work was to see the fate of OTA and CTN in kidney and liver of rats co-treated with both mycotoxins. Adult male Wistar rats were treated with OTA (0.125 and 0.250 mg kg-1 b.m.) daily for three weeks and with CTN (20 mg kg-1 b.m.) for two last days of experiment. In addition to the control group, we also had a group receiving OTA alone and CTN alone (in the same doses as above). OTA showed a dose-dependent increase in both organs compared to control. In animals receiving combined treatment, liver and kidney OTA was significantly lower than in animals receiving OTA alone. In contrast, CTN liver and kidney concentrations in the OTA + CTN-treated animals were three to six times higher than in animals given CTN alone. These findings could be explained by higher affinity of the organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) and OAT3 for CTN than for OTA, which led to lower OTA accumulation in the kidney. This is the first animal study of combined exposure to OTA and CTN to confirm earlier in vitro findings that CTN decreases OTA accumulation. It also suggests that mycotoxins when combined may compete for the same binding site and change each other's accumulation in target organs for better or for worse.

ochratoxin A, citrinin, organic anion transporters, kidney, liver

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